Table of Contents

• What is Isopropyl Alcohol?
• Isopropyl Alcohol Structure – C3H8O
• Isopropyl Alcohol Synthesis- C3H8O
• Physical Properties of Isopropyl Alcohol – C3H8O
• Chemical Properties of Isopropyl Alcohol – C3H8O
• Uses of Isopropyl Alcohol – C3H8O
• Frequently Asked Questions

What is Isopropyl Alcohol?

Isopropyl alcohol commonly referred to as Isopropanol or n-propanol or dimethylcarbinol is a colourless and flammable liquid with the formula C3H8O.

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Isopropyl alcohol is widely employed in solvent applications. Isopropyl alcohol was one of the first petrochemical products to be manufactured and produced in 1920. The solvent properties of isopropyl alcohol are similar to ethyl alcohol. It is also called isopropyl solvents.

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IUPAC name – Propan-2-ol

C3H8O Isopropyl Alcohol Density 786 kg/m³ Molecular Weight/ Molar Mass 60.1 g/mol Boiling Point 82.5 °C Melting point -89 °C Chemical Formula CH3CH(OH)CH3

Isopropyl Alcohol Structure – C3H8O

Isopropyl Alcohol Synthesis- C3H8O

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Propylene on esterification in the presence of sulphuric acid undergoes hydrolysis to form isopropyl alcohol. The reaction is as follows.

CH3-CH=CH2 + H2SO4 ⟶ CH3CH(OH)CH3 (Isopropyl Alcohol)

Physical Properties of Isopropyl Alcohol – C3H8O

Odour Unpleasant like ethyl alcohol Appearance Clear, colourless liquid Specific Density 786 kg/m³ Specific heat 2.68 J/(gK) Solubility Completely soluble in water.

Chemical Properties of Isopropyl Alcohol – C3H8O

1. It reacts in a complex way with bromine giving mainly brominated acetones such as BrCH2COCBr3 and isopropyl bromide.

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C3H7OH ➝ BrCH2COCBr3 + CH3CH(Br)CH3(isopropyl bromide)

2. It is the main ingredient in rubbing alcohol. It can decompose into acetone and hydrogen gas according to the following reaction.

C3H7OH ➝ C3H6O(acetone) + H2

Uses of Isopropyl Alcohol – C3H8O

• Used as a solvent and intermediate in the production of chemicals. In industry, it is used as a solvent for the instant manufacture of cements, primers, paints and varnishes.
• Most commonly used as a disinfectant for wiping down the surfaces of furniture and shelves in the operating room. It is effective against HBV viruses and is, therefore, used to clean blood or body fluids from the surface of equipment or furniture in the operating room.

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