Levels of classification
Taxonomists classify all organisms into a hierarchy, and give them standardised names, that are often Latin or Greek, or derived from other languages and even people’s names.These specialised groups are collectively called the classification of living things. There are seven main levels of classification in the hierarchy. They are, from the most to the least inclusive:
Kingdoms is the most basic classification of living things.
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Currently there are five kingdoms-Animal, Plant, Fungi, Protist and Monera (unicellular). Living things are placed into certain kingdoms based on how they obtain their food, the types of cells that make up their body, and the number of cells they contain.
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Phylum is the next level following kingdom in the classification of living things. It is an attempt to find physical similarities among organisms within a kingdom. These physical similarities suggest that there is a common ancestry among those organisms in a particular phylum.
Classes are way to further divide organisms of a phylum. Organisms of a class have even more in common than those in an entire phylum.
Order Organisms in each class are further broken down into orders. A taxonomy key is used to determine to which order an organism belongs. A taxonomy key is a checklist of characteristics that determines how organisms are grouped together.
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Families Orders are divided into families. Organisms within a family have more in common than with organisms in any classification level above it. Because they share so much in common, organisms of a family are said to be related to each other.
Genus is a way to describe the generic name for an organism. The genus classification is very specific so there are fewer organisms within each one. For this reason, there are a lot of different genera among both animals and plants. When using taxonomy to name an organism, the genus is used to determine the first part of its two-part name.
Species are as specific as you can get. It is the lowest and most strict level of classification of living things. The main criteria for an organism to be placed in a particular species is the ability to breed with other organisms of that same species. The species of an organism determines the second part of its two-part name.
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