A team member tells you she’s packing an additional employee under her scrubs. And now she’s worried about her safety—and you might be, too. Will anesthesia hurt her baby? Is it risky for her to be around sick pets or toxic drugs?
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Obstetricians say the mother-to-be must determine with her physician what she can safely do based on the unique circumstances of her pregnancy. But your team member will look to you for information about any pitfalls at your practice. Here are four things to watch for to keep pregnant team members safe at work.
1 Injuries
There can be plenty of physical activity working at a veterinary practice. The pregnant team member—and her coworkers—need to make sure she doesn’t fall victim to:
Strains. No matter how busy things get, a pregnant team member must let other employees do the heavy lifting and restraining—even with smaller pets. Pregnant women should also avoid strenuous pushing, pulling, and lifting objects more than five or 10 pounds.
Falls. A pregnant team member should wear slip-resistant shoes, and she also needs to be careful getting into and out of vehicles, going up and down stairs, and even sitting down or getting up from a chair. You can’t regulate most of these activities, but you can remind the employee to take it easy if you see her pushing herself beyond her limits.
Overexertion. A pregnant woman whose work requires prolonged walking or standing is more likely to experience intrauterine growth restrictions or preterm labor. Frequent sit-down breaks are a must.
2 Exposure to hazardous agents
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Standard precautions will take care of most dangers, but don’t neglect the rules for:
Lab work. A pregnant employee (along with everyone in the practice) should wear latex or nitrile gloves when handling lab samples and avoid breathing fumes from chemicals, samples, or cultures. Also, safety glasses offer protection from conjunctival contamination and absorption during work with liquid chemicals and samples from pets that might have zoonotic diseases. And finally, when the team member is using chemicals such as formalin, specimen stains, and other fixatives, the work area needs to be adequately ventilated and containers covered with tight-fitting lids.
Chemotherapy and cytotoxic drugs. Because of the danger cytotoxic drugs pose to fast-growing cells, a pregnant team member should avoid chemotherapy duties and should not handle patients that have undergone the treatment or touch their samples. This also means she shouldn’t handle containers of cytotoxic agents, including doxorubicin and cyclosporine, because trace residues may be present on the bottles and enter her body through the skin.
Anesthetic gases. Many pregnant team members worry about exposure to anesthesia. However, these hazards are controllable, so a pregnant worker can do her job as long as she follows the safety rules. Ventilate the area, especially during periods when the animal isn’t metabolizing all the gas, and consider monitoring the pregnant employee’s exposure.
Because it’s hard to prevent anesthesia gas from escaping during certain procedures, a pregnant team member should avoid induction chambers, masked-induction procedures, and refilling the vaporizer.
3 Exposure to radiation
The hazard to a developing fetus from radiation exposure is well documented. However, there’s no reason a pregnant woman can’t perform radiographic procedures provided she follows a few basic safety rules. Beyond wearing a full lead apron, a thyroid protector, and full-hand gloves and keeping body parts out of the primary beam, the pregnant team member should:
Check her dose. Review dosimetry badge reports for the past six to 12 months to ensure that exposure is below 10 percent of the allowable dose. If the team member is above 10 percent, consider changing your procedures to minimize exposure.
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Do it outside. Make sure the patient is sedated or anesthetized and use positioning devices whenever possible so the team member can perform the procedure from outside the radiography room.
Narrow the focus. Use the collimator to restrict the primary beam to within the size of the cassette.
4 Exposure to diseases
The best defenses against zoonosis are personal hygiene and knowledge of disease transmission routes. Buy a good zoonotic-disease textbook and schedule some team training to bone up. The biggie, of course, is toxoplasmosis. This disease worries many pregnant women—and for good reason. If a pregnant woman contracts toxoplasmosis, there’s a 40 percent chance her unborn child could become infected. However, such infections are rare in North America; only one to two babies per thousand are born with toxoplasmosis each year.
The Toxoplasma organism can be contracted from undercooked meat, dirt, and cat feces. Because of the feline connection, many pregnant team members choose not to work with cats. But this isn’t always practical and not necessarily warranted. Since the organism must undergo an incubation period of one to five days outside the host to become infective, veterinary workers can protect themselves by cleaning litter boxes at least once a day and washing their hands thoroughly after handling cats.
With a little planning, team members can be as productive as ever during pregnancy, and the next generation of team members can grow up strong and ready for their own set of scrubs.
Look online
Clearing the air
Are you thinking of having a pregnant team member wear a respirator to avoid the risk of escaped anesthesia gases during surgeries? Visit vetecon.com and look under Web Exclusives to see the relevant—and stringent—rules for respirator use.
Phil Seibert, CVT, is an author, speaker, and consultant with SafetyVet in Calhoun, Tenn. Send questions or comments to [email protected]
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