Computers are a major part of our lives. Not just office going adults, but even school-going children use computers extensively for their studies. Using the internet to search for new information, storing and organising their data and presenting it in various forms is all possible with the use of computers. Let us look at some basic components of a computer for preschoolers to understand more about how the device functions.
What Is A Computer?
A computer is an electronic device that processes data. The information that is put into the computer is called data. Computers are much faster in function as compared to the human hands. Thus, using a computer saves your time and energy. You can rely on it for handling several functions without making mistakes. Since the invention of computer till today, technological advances have completely changed the way computers look and function. However, all computers are built on the same principle.
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What Is The History Of Computer?
The history of computers begins with the invention of the abacus which was invented about 4,000 years ago. It is a wooden rack stacked with beads, and is thought to be the first computer. However, the history of computers is quite deep and extensive.
Charles Babbage was the one credited for the invention of computers in the 1800s. This was a watershed moment in the evolution of computers. Between 1833 and 1871 he invented all the parts that are now used for the modern computer and is also referred to as the father of the computer.
Why Should Kids Have Knowledge About Computer Parts?
All computers may look different but the basic components are common among them all. Learning different computer parts can be daunting—especially since it’s an incredibly complex and delicate piece of equipment. But it is important for children to know about all the parts of the computer and their function. Kids should have the basic knowledge of a computer system so that they can understand the advanced concepts and the functions carried out by the components of a computer system at an early age. Computer courses are mandatory in most of the schools in India. All the students must learn the basics of the computer system and the basic usage of the different computer applications.
If the students want to pursue their higher academics in computer education or they want to learn programming languages in the future, the basic knowledge of the computer system will come in handy for them.
Understanding the basic functions of computer parts can enable children to use the device independently and find their way around the use of it.
Parts Of Computer System That Kids Must Know About
You have seen various types of computers as a whole. Take a look this picture of parts of a computer which will help you understand that the computer you have been using everyday is made up of several small and large components.
Every computer comprises 5 basic parts, be it a high-end gaming computer system or simple a basic desktop system for kids:
- Motherboard: The motherboard of a computer is the circuit board on which all the basic and high-end chipsets are installed. All the circuits installed on the motherboard propel the working of a computer. The motherboard is one of the main parts of a computer and is also known as the printed circuit board.
- CPU: CPU or the Central Processing Unit is among the basic parts of the computer and is often referred to as the brain of the computer. All the data provided to a computer is processed in the Central Processing Unit of the computer. The instructions given to a computer through various computer programs are executed in this processor. The basic controlling, logical, arithmetic and I/O operations are executed in the CPU. In microprocessors, the processing unit is contained in one integrated circuit chip. In the modern age of multi-core processors, one integrated circuit chip contains multiple CPUs. The multi-core processors enhance the performance of the computer systems. For example, with a multi-core processor, you can perform several tasks simultaneously, without any effect on the processor speed.
- GPU: The Graphics Processing Unit is used as a co-processor to enhance the performance of the Central Processing Unit in engineering and scientific computing. It offloads some of the time-consuming parts of program codes, to improve the performance of the CPU. The Graphics Processing Unit boosts the CPU performance by providing a parallel processing facility.
- RAM: Random Access Memory or RAM refers to the volatile memory of a computer. It is a very common topic covered in the chapter on the parts of computers for kids. It is referred to as the main memory of the computer. RAM is one of the main parts of a computer and it stores the application programs, operating system, and the data that is currently used.
- Storage: One of the basic parts of a computer is constituted by its storage components. The solid-state drive and the hard disk drive are the key storage components of a computer. The hard disk drive of a computer system stores data permanently.
List Of Input And Output Device Of Computer System
Input devices are those which are used to enter information into the computer. Output devices are the ones that are used to give out audio, visual or tactile information as an output.
Input Devices Of A Computer
The internal parts of computer and some external or removable devices used to enter data in the computer are called input devices. Here is a list of some important input devices that your child should learn
1. Keyboard
The keyboard is used for entering data into the computer system. It can type words, numbers and symbols.
2. Mouse
The mouse is a pointing device. You can give input to the computer with the help of the mouse.
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3. Trackball
A trackball has a ball that can rotate freely. Instead of moving the device like a mouse, you can roll the ball with your thumb to move the pointer.
4. Touchpad:
A touchpad—also called a trackpad—is a touch-sensitive pad that lets you control the pointer by making a drawing motion with your finger. Touchpads are common on laptop computers.
5. Stylus
A stylus is a small pen-shaped instrument whose tip position on a computer monitor can be detected. It is used to draw, or make selections by tapping.
6. Joystick
A joystick makes computer games a lot more fun. When it is moved, it passes information to the computer.
7. Microphone
A microphone is the mike that can be attached to a computer. It allows you to input sounds like speech and songs into the computer. You can record your voice with the help of a microphone.
8. Web Camera
A web camera is used to take live photos videos. You can save them in the computer.
9. Scanner
A Scanner Copies pictures and pages, and turns them into images that can be saved on a computer.
Output Device Of Computer
The physical parts of a computer that do the function of giving out the information from the computer, such that we are able to see or hear it, are called output devices. As the name suggests, these devices give an output in visual, audio or tactile form. Here are some examples of output devices for kids:
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1. Monitor
A monitor looks like a TV screen. It shows whatever you type on the keyboard or draw with the mouse.
2. Printer
A printer prints the results of your work from the computer screen on a sheet of paper. This is called a printout.
3. Speakers
The speakers are the output devices that produce different types of sounds processed by the computer. You can listen to songs or speeches stored in the computer with the help of speakers.
4. Headphone
You can listen to music or any sound from a computer with the help of headphones without disturbing others.
5. Projector
A projector or image projector is an optical device that projects an image onto a surface, commonly a projection screen. Most projectors create an image by shining a light through a small transparent lens, but some newer types of projectors can project the image directly, by using lasers.
6. Plotter
A plotter is a device that prints high-quality graphics in a variety of color formats. It works in a similar way to a printer, although it has more advanced features. It is used to print large maps, architectural drawings, large-format printing, and create pictures, 3D postcards, advertising signs, charts, and various designs of the internal structure of building machines, as well as create pictures, 3D postcards, advertising signs, charts, and various designs of the internal structure of building machines.
Interesting Facts About Computer For Kids
- Our smart phones are computers
- A computers memory is called RAM
- You can spell the word typewriter using the top line of letters on a computer’s keyboard
- When you work on a computer your hands travel 20 kilometres a day!
- If there was a computer as powerful as the human brain, it would be able to do 38 thousand trillion operations per second and hold more than 3580 terabytes of memory.
- The Fugaku supercomputer, housed at the RIKEN Centre for Computational Science in Kobe, Japan, is the world’s fastest computer
- The original Google Storage was made up of ten 4 GB hard drives that were cased in Legos and totaled 40GB.
- Since 2005, no human has defeated a high-powered computer in a tournament standard chess match.
- The most common password for a computer and social media platforms is 123456.
- Google originated from the mathematics phrase “googol,” which denotes “one followed by 100 zeros.”
Wasn’t this a fun lesson on computers? Your child must be using their laptops and desktops everyday for school assignments or for research for their homework and projects. But now they know all about the various parts of this super device.
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