Which Equation Is An Example Of Artificial Transmutation

What is Artificial transmutation?

Artificial transmutation converts an element into another element by bombarding it with a fundamental particle. Artificial transmutation was first carried out on Nitrogen, whose nucleus was bombarded with an α particle to produce oxygen. The element that is produced exhibits radioactivity resulting in induced radioactivity.

Following are the particles that are used for bombardment:

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• α-particle (2He4)
• Proton (1H1)
• Deuteron (1H2)
• Neutron (0n1)

Since α-particles, protons, and deuterons carry positively charged nuclei, they repel positively charged nuclei and are unsuitable projectiles. On the other hand, neutrons possess no charge and are considered the best projectiles. When a neutron bombards a target element, the resulting product depends upon the speed of the neutrons. Slow neutrons penetrate the nucleus, while high-speed neutrons pass through the nucleus. Thermal neutrons are slower than high-speed neutrons in generating nuclear reactions.

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