Which Of The Following Does Not Compress Morbidity From Osteoporosis - T-Tees - Your Answers Await, Life's Questions Unraveled

INTRODUCTION

Life expectancy has steadily increased in the US, with a 2011 life expectancy of 78.7 years.1 A recent Institute of Medicine report suggests that though life expectancy has increased, health span has not and longer life expectancy has been associated with greater rates of disability.2 An analysis of US data concluded that overall prevalence of disease, the length of life with disease, and loss of mobility have increased between 1998 and 2008.3 On the other hand, there are individuals who survive long beyond average life expectancy and spend a relatively short period of their lives with age-related diseases or disability4, 5. This is most evident among those who survive near the limit of human life span6, findings that are consistent with James Fries’ compression of morbidity hypothesis7. These findings contradict the notion that the older people get, the sicker they get and the more resources they require. In fact, Medicare spending on patients during the last year of life has been noted to decrease as age at death increases8 and total end-of-life expenditures are lowest for the oldest enrollees.9

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Various distinct cohorts of individuals with exceptionally long lifespans are being studied around the world and in the US and have provided insight into the interactions of morbidity, mortality and survival to older ages.10-12 The Long Life Family Study (LLFS) and the New England Centenarian Study (NECS) recently found that the overall disease-free survival of these long-living individuals was increased compared to their referent cohorts.13 Here, we sought to assess compression of morbidity among Longevity Genes Project (LGP) participants relative to the NECS findings. While the NECS includes individuals of diverse ethnic backgrounds and has a particular focus on centenarians age 105 and above, LGP focuses on a younger sample of centenarians of a founder population, Ashkenazi Jews. We set out to determine if individuals with exceptional longevity from both NECS and LGP share similar delays in disease onset and compression of morbidity. If both cohorts display similar delays in morbidity then this study will confirm that results from one population of centenarians can be generalized to other populations and that younger centenarians, who are more prevalent, can be useful for longevity studies.

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